Wednesday, February 25, 2009

sleep

YAN XIAO WU
1701

SLEEP



INTRODUCTION

Our dream is to make our lives become more easier and more comfortable. In order to get to our goal, somebody like me is working very hard. Most of the time, we dose not have enough time to sleep. It was the very bad thing for us. Sleep is a habit that not just only need for our physical and it also need for our mental to support what we do. If we always only keep work hard for our jobs and school it will bring many problems for us. In the opposite way someone already have their good lives and they do not need to work very hard and then they will have more time to sleep. But oversleep will bring obesity to them. Why will too much sleep make people fat, but not enough sleep will make bring stressed and sick? This essay will show how enough sleep can help avoid illnesses and stress, but oversleep can cause obesity.
In the physical, we need to sleep to get energy. If we does not have enough sleep, our bodies will lost the immunity and then the illness will easy to get to our bodies. In order to avoid to illness we does not need to do or eat too much things. The important thing we need to do is to sleep. Sleep duration can help people avoid common cold. In the article “Sleep Habits and Susceptibility to the Common Cold” state “Poorer sleep efficiency and shorter sleep duration in the weeks preceding exposure to a rhinovirus were associated with lower resistance to illness.” (Cohen 2009:1) This is use “A total of 153 healthy men and women (age range, 21-55 years) volunteered to participate in the study. For 14 consecutive days, they reported their sleep duration and sleep efficiency (percentage of time in bed actually asleep) for the previous night and whether they felt rested. Average scores for each sleep variable were calculated over the 14-day baseline. Subsequently, participants were quarantined, administered nasal drops containing a rhinovirus, and monitored for the development of a clinical cold (infection in the presence of objective signs of illness) on the day before and for 5 days after exposure.” (Cohen 2009:1) In the article the result state “There was a graded association with average sleep duration: participants with less than 7 hours of sleep were 2.94 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-7.30) more likely to develop a cold than those with 8 hours or more of sleep. The association with sleep efficiency was also graded: participants with less than 92% efficiency were 5.50 times (95% CI, 2.08-14.48) more likely to develop a cold than those with 98% or more efficiency. These relationships could not be explained by differences in prechallenge virus-specific antibody titers, demographics, season of the year, body mass, socioeconomic status, psychological variables, or health practices. The percentage of days feeling rested was not associated with colds.” (Cohen 2009:1) In order to seek for more health, I eat some vitamins to avoid the illness, but I never know enough can help to avoid common cold. “One more reason for getting a good night’s sleep: sleeping an extra hour a night may help control coronary artery calcification, a major risk factor for heart disease.” (Bakalar 2008:1) This is “The scientists followed 495 healthy men and women, ages 35 to 47, for five years, measuring their sleep patterns with electronic monitoring devices and examining their arteries with CT scans.Over all, the group averaged 6.1 hours of sleep a night. But after controlling for age,blood pressure, cholesterol and other factors, those who averaged an extra hour’s sleep every night reduced their risk of calcification by about one-third.” (Bakalar 2008:1) Sleep also can lower a heart risk this is very good news for us. Even though enough sleep can avoid common cold, it is not means we have oversleep to get health.
Oversleep will cause obesity for us. In the article “Sleep duration, general and abdominal obesity, and weight change among the older adult population of Spain1,2,3,4 ” state “among older adults, sleeping 5 hours and sleeping 8or 9 hours was associate with obesity and with short-term weight gain in women.” (Lopez-Garcia 2008:1) This is like my mother, she does not need to work and she always stay home oversleep. She has 180 pounds now, it is very horrible when I see her fat body. She always said she is fat, but she never to stop oversleeps. This is very bad that my mother can oversleep, but I does not have enough sleep.
I am a college student and through my experiences I have the same feeling of stress as those students. In the article “Sleep Patterns of College Students at a public University” state “many students have sleep problems that may interfere with daily performance, such as driving and academics.” (Forguer 2008:1) In the article, it use the e-mail to get the surveys. The students are have the bad time of sleep “Most students reported later bedtimes and rise times on weekends than they did on weekdays. More than 33% of the students took longer than 30 minutes to fall asleep, and 43% woke more than once nightly. More than 33% reported being tired during the day. The authors found no differences between freshmen, sophomores, juniors, seniors, and graduate students for time to fall asleep, number of night wakings, or total time slept each night. ” (Forguer 2008:1) Most of the time I have too much homework to do I feel very unhappy and scare all the time. I will very afraid I can not finish my homework on time because that homework is very hard for me. I am a second language student, most of the time I do not understand how to do my homework thereby I need a lot of time to figure it out how to do. Those homework always make me do not have enough sleep. Sometimes, I have some exams for my different subjects, I need to review those subjects to get a good grades. In the college, most professors do not like to write notes on the board it need to take more focus on it, but when I go to the class, I can not focus on my subjects. The reason is I feel very tire, my left brain and right brain fought to each other all the time to my head exploded. It will me feel pain when I do not have enough sleep and those pain bring many stress. Most of the time I will wake it up late only in the weekend, “college students reported later bedtimes and wake times on weekends than on weekdays.(Forguer 2008:1) The reason why we only wake it up late on weekend is we do not need to go to school. Schools always make a time schedule for us to follow, we do not want to be late for our class, and we must wake it up early to go to the class. Most of the time, I have class very early in the morning I will drink something that has caffeine or melatonin. The reason is “caffeine or melatonin can reduced sleepiness.” (Beaumont 2003: 1) This was good for us could use the caffeine or melatonin to help us to be focus. Even though the caffeine or melatonin could help for us to degrade sleepiness, we still need to sleep more to avoid illness.
THE RECLUSE
In conclusion, enough sleep can help people avoid illness and stress, but oversleep will cause obesity. Therefore, we have to control our times to get a proper sleep to reach our physical need and mental need. It is very important that we have enough sleep.






ENDNOTES


1. Forguer 2008:1 “Sleep Patterns of College Students at a public University”
2. Beaumont 2003:1 “Caffeine or melatonin effects on sleep and sleepiness after rapid eastward transmeridian travel”

3. Cohen 2009:1 “Sleep Habits and Susceptibility to the Common Cold”
4. Bakalar 2008:1 “Risks: Extra Sleep Is Found to Lower a Heart Risk”

5. lopez-Garcia 2008:1 “Sleep duration, general and abdominal obesity, and weight change among the older adult population of Spain1,2,3,4 ”


BIBLIOGRAPHY
Sleep patterns of college students at a public university
LeAnne M. Forquer, Ph D; Adrian E. Camden, BS; Krista M. Gabriau, BS; C. Merle Johnson, Ph D
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH, VOL.56, NO 5 2008
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18400669

Caffeine or melatonin effects on sleep and sleepiness after rapid eastward transmeridian travel
M. Beaumont,1 D. Batéjat,1 C. Piérard,1 P. Van Beers,1 J. B. Denis,2 O. Coste,1 P. Doireau,2 F. Chauffard,3 J. French,4 and D. Lagarde5 J Appl Physiol 96: 50-58, 2004. First published September 5, 2003; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00940.2002 8750-7587/04 $5.00
http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/content/abstract/96/1/50

Sleep Habits and Susceptibility to the Common Cold
Sheldon Cohen, PhD ; William J. Doyle, PhD ; Cuneyt M. Alper, MD ; Denise Janicki-Deverts, PhD ; Ronald B. Turner, MD
Vol. 169 No. 1, January 12, 2009
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19139325

Risks: Extra Sleep Is Found to Lower a Heart Risk
By NICHOLAS BAKALAR
Published: December 29, 2008
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/30/health/30risk.html

Sleep duration, general and abdominal obesity, and weight change among the older adult population of Spain1,2,3,4
Esther López-García1, Raquel Faubel1 , Luz León-Muñoz1 , María C Zuluaga1 , José R Banegas1 and Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo1

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 87, No. 2, 310-316, February 2008
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18258619

sleep

YAN XIAO WU
1701

SLEEP



INTRODUCTION

Our dream is to make our lives become more easier and more comfortable. In order to get to our goal, somebody like me is working very hard. Most of the time, we dose not have enough time to sleep. It was the very bad thing for us. Sleep is a habit that not just only need for our physical and it also need for our mental to support what we do. If we always only keep work hard for our jobs and school it will bring many problems for us. In the opposite way someone already have their good lives and they do not need to work very hard and then they will have more time to sleep. But oversleep will bring obesity to them. Why will too much sleep make people fat, but not enough sleep will make bring stressed and sick? This essay will show how enough sleep can help avoid illnesses and stress, but oversleep can cause obesity.
In the physical, we need to sleep to get energy. If we does not have enough sleep, our bodies will lost the immunity and then the illness will easy to get to our bodies. In order to avoid to illness we does not need to do or eat too much things. The important thing we need to do is to sleep. Sleep duration can help people avoid common cold. In the article “Sleep Habits and Susceptibility to the Common Cold” state “Poorer sleep efficiency and shorter sleep duration in the weeks preceding exposure to a rhinovirus were associated with lower resistance to illness.” (Cohen 2009:1) This is use “A total of 153 healthy men and women (age range, 21-55 years) volunteered to participate in the study. For 14 consecutive days, they reported their sleep duration and sleep efficiency (percentage of time in bed actually asleep) for the previous night and whether they felt rested. Average scores for each sleep variable were calculated over the 14-day baseline. Subsequently, participants were quarantined, administered nasal drops containing a rhinovirus, and monitored for the development of a clinical cold (infection in the presence of objective signs of illness) on the day before and for 5 days after exposure.” (Cohen 2009:1) In the article the result state “There was a graded association with average sleep duration: participants with less than 7 hours of sleep were 2.94 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-7.30) more likely to develop a cold than those with 8 hours or more of sleep. The association with sleep efficiency was also graded: participants with less than 92% efficiency were 5.50 times (95% CI, 2.08-14.48) more likely to develop a cold than those with 98% or more efficiency. These relationships could not be explained by differences in prechallenge virus-specific antibody titers, demographics, season of the year, body mass, socioeconomic status, psychological variables, or health practices. The percentage of days feeling rested was not associated with colds.” (Cohen 2009:1) In order to seek for more health, I eat some vitamins to avoid the illness, but I never know enough can help to avoid common cold. “One more reason for getting a good night’s sleep: sleeping an extra hour a night may help control coronary artery calcification, a major risk factor for heart disease.” (Bakalar 2008:1) This is “The scientists followed 495 healthy men and women, ages 35 to 47, for five years, measuring their sleep patterns with electronic monitoring devices and examining their arteries with CT scans.Over all, the group averaged 6.1 hours of sleep a night. But after controlling for age,blood pressure, cholesterol and other factors, those who averaged an extra hour’s sleep every night reduced their risk of calcification by about one-third.” (Bakalar 2008:1) Sleep also can lower a heart risk this is very good news for us. Even though enough sleep can avoid common cold, it is not means we have oversleep to get health.
Oversleep will cause obesity for us. In the article “Sleep duration, general and abdominal obesity, and weight change among the older adult population of Spain1,2,3,4 ” state “among older adults, sleeping 5 hours and sleeping 8or 9 hours was associate with obesity and with short-term weight gain in women.” (Lopez-Garcia 2008:1) This is like my mother, she does not need to work and she always stay home oversleep. She has 180 pounds now, it is very horrible when I see her fat body. She always said she is fat, but she never to stop oversleeps. This is very bad that my mother can oversleep, but I does not have enough sleep.
I am a college student and through my experiences I have the same feeling of stress as those students. In the article “Sleep Patterns of College Students at a public University” state “many students have sleep problems that may interfere with daily performance, such as driving and academics.” (Forguer 2008:1) In the article, it use the e-mail to get the surveys. The students are have the bad time of sleep “Most students reported later bedtimes and rise times on weekends than they did on weekdays. More than 33% of the students took longer than 30 minutes to fall asleep, and 43% woke more than once nightly. More than 33% reported being tired during the day. The authors found no differences between freshmen, sophomores, juniors, seniors, and graduate students for time to fall asleep, number of night wakings, or total time slept each night. ” (Forguer 2008:1) Most of the time I have too much homework to do I feel very unhappy and scare all the time. I will very afraid I can not finish my homework on time because that homework is very hard for me. I am a second language student, most of the time I do not understand how to do my homework thereby I need a lot of time to figure it out how to do. Those homework always make me do not have enough sleep. Sometimes, I have some exams for my different subjects, I need to review those subjects to get a good grades. In the college, most professors do not like to write notes on the board it need to take more focus on it, but when I go to the class, I can not focus on my subjects. The reason is I feel very tire, my left brain and right brain fought to each other all the time to my head exploded. It will me feel pain when I do not have enough sleep and those pain bring many stress. Most of the time I will wake it up late only in the weekend, “college students reported later bedtimes and wake times on weekends than on weekdays.(Forguer 2008:1) The reason why we only wake it up late on weekend is we do not need to go to school. Schools always make a time schedule for us to follow, we do not want to be late for our class, and we must wake it up early to go to the class. Most of the time, I have class very early in the morning I will drink something that has caffeine or melatonin. The reason is “caffeine or melatonin can reduced sleepiness.” (Beaumont 2003: 1) This was good for us could use the caffeine or melatonin to help us to be focus. Even though the caffeine or melatonin could help for us to degrade sleepiness, we still need to sleep more to avoid illness.
THE RECLUSE
In conclusion, enough sleep can help people avoid illness and stress, but oversleep will cause obesity. Therefore, we have to control our times to get a proper sleep to reach our physical need and mental need. It is very important that we have enough sleep.






ENDNOTES


1. Forguer 2008:1 “Sleep Patterns of College Students at a public University”
2. Beaumont 2003:1 “Caffeine or melatonin effects on sleep and sleepiness after rapid eastward transmeridian travel”

3. Cohen 2009:1 “Sleep Habits and Susceptibility to the Common Cold”
4. Bakalar 2008:1 “Risks: Extra Sleep Is Found to Lower a Heart Risk”

5. lopez-Garcia 2008:1 “Sleep duration, general and abdominal obesity, and weight change among the older adult population of Spain1,2,3,4 ”


BIBLIOGRAPHY
Sleep patterns of college students at a public university
LeAnne M. Forquer, Ph D; Adrian E. Camden, BS; Krista M. Gabriau, BS; C. Merle Johnson, Ph D
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH, VOL.56, NO 5 2008
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18400669

Caffeine or melatonin effects on sleep and sleepiness after rapid eastward transmeridian travel
M. Beaumont,1 D. Batéjat,1 C. Piérard,1 P. Van Beers,1 J. B. Denis,2 O. Coste,1 P. Doireau,2 F. Chauffard,3 J. French,4 and D. Lagarde5 J Appl Physiol 96: 50-58, 2004. First published September 5, 2003; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00940.2002 8750-7587/04 $5.00
http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/content/abstract/96/1/50

Sleep Habits and Susceptibility to the Common Cold
Sheldon Cohen, PhD ; William J. Doyle, PhD ; Cuneyt M. Alper, MD ; Denise Janicki-Deverts, PhD ; Ronald B. Turner, MD
Vol. 169 No. 1, January 12, 2009
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19139325

Risks: Extra Sleep Is Found to Lower a Heart Risk
By NICHOLAS BAKALAR
Published: December 29, 2008
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/30/health/30risk.html

Sleep duration, general and abdominal obesity, and weight change among the older adult population of Spain1,2,3,4
Esther López-García1, Raquel Faubel1 , Luz León-Muñoz1 , María C Zuluaga1 , José R Banegas1 and Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo1

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 87, No. 2, 310-316, February 2008
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18258619

SLEEP

Sunday, February 15, 2009

Blog 2

The first thing that I thought sleep was very important for most people, especially the students. In the article “Sleep patterns of college students at a public university,” stated “many students have sleep problems that may interfere with daily performance, such as driving and academics.” (Sleep 1) I was a student, I knew not enough sleep would make me felt pain. When we went to school, we need much energy to listen to the teacher. Most of the time, we need to do a lot homework and review for the exam. In the other day, our eyes would fall down, ears would close, brains would mess. Not enough sleep gave us a lot problem to make us be stress. Sometime we would drink something that has caffeine or melatonin to make them has more energy. “Caffeine or melatonin effects on sleep and sleepiness after rapid eastward transmeridian travel,” stated “caffeine or melatonin could degrade the sleepiness.” (Caffeine 2) This was good for us could use the caffeine or melatonin to help us to be focus. Even though the caffeine or melatonin could help for us to degrade sleepiness, student still needed to sleep more to minus their stress.The second things that I though sleep was so important were “Sleep habits and susceptibility to the common cold,” stated “Poorer sleep efficiency and shorter sleep duration in the weeks preceding exposure to a rhinovirus were associated with lower resistance to illness.” (Sleep habits 3) and “Risks: Extra Sleep Is Found to Lower a Heart Risk ,” stated “sleeping an extra hour a night may help control coronary artery calcification, a major risk factor for heart disease.” (Risks 1) These two articles stated sleep could make us be more health. “Sleep duration, general and abdominal obesity, and weight change among the older adult population of Spain.,” stated sleep more than eight or night hour was associated with obesity and with short- term weight gain in women. (Sleep duration 6) if we did not sleep too much it would not be fat.

Reference:
http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/content/abstract/96/1/50
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19139325
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18258619
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/30/health/30risk.html?_r=2
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18400669

Blog 1

I remembered I need to live with my aunt when I was thirteen years old. The reason was my parents went to the United States to seek for good lives for us. My aunt became my guardian to take care of my brother, sister and me. In the first time, I could not sleep because this place I feel very strange. . Most of the time, I slept at two o’clock in the midnight. I could not focus on the other day my left brain and right brain fought to each other all the time to my head exploded. My aunt was a teacher and she knew what I thought about. She told me sleep was very important for teenagers. If I did not have enough time of sleeping, I would easy to get some illness and she would not let the illness person lived in her house. After that, I made myself slept earlier and at least ten hours for a day. My friend told me slept too much would become very fat. “Oh My God,” I thought. I was not beautiful, if I became fatter it means more ugly. I did not want to be uglier, but I did not want to get illness. I went to do some reaches and I get a right answer. Enough slept was very important could avoid the illness, obesity and stress.

Thursday, February 5, 2009

我什么都不是( I am nothing)

My favorite song "I am nothing"

sing by my favorite singer Nicholas Tse http://www.tudou.com/programs/view/Rbnd7z9XxyM/